450 economists call on G20 finance ministers to stop speculation fuelling hunger

Date: 11 October 2011

More than 450 economists from over 40 countries have called on the G20 finance ministers, who are meeting in Paris this week, to take urgent action to stop financial speculation in commodity markets driving up food prices and fuelling hunger.

‘Excessive financial speculation is contributing to increasing volatility and record food prices, exacerbating global hunger and poverty,’ say the economists in a letter to the finance ministers. ‘With around 1 billion people enduring chronic hunger worldwide, action is urgently needed to curb excessive speculation and its effects on global food prices.

Economists from top universities including Cambridge, Oxford, Berkeley, Cornell and the London School of Economics have signed the letter, adding their voices to an escalating international campaign. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation, the Pope, French President Nicolas Sarkozy and Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz are among those who have already spoken out in favour of curbing speculation.

The G20 agriculture ministers have also called on their finance counterparts to introduce tighter regulation. Speculation is one of a range of issues to be discussed at the finance ministers’ meeting.

The US has moved to control speculation, and European proposals for similar rules are expected to be announced next week. But the UK government is set to block European legislation.

Neil Kellard, Professor in Finance at the University of Essex, who signed the letter, said today:

Over-speculation can steer commodity prices away from fair levels indicated by the supply and demand for food and push the poorest further into chronic hunger. Conversely, very little evidence exists that the recent high levels of commodity investing are necessary to meet hedging demand or promote pricing efficiency in financial markets. Position limits can be set to dampen commodity price movements whilst maintaining and probably enhancing market function.”

Deborah Doane, director of the World Development Movement, said today:

Excessive lobbying from the finance sector seems to be delaying political action, both here in the UK, and elsewhere. This is despite the obvious suffering caused by speculation on this most basic human need, and despite the growing number of voices calling for action. Instead of propping up cynical financial gambling by speculators, the G20 finance ministers must act to ensure that strict rules are put in place to limit the hold of bankers over the world’s food markets.”

The full text of the economists’ letter

Dear G20 Finance Ministers,

We write to you ahead of the October meeting of the G20 Finance Ministers to urge you to commit with your counterparts to take effective action to curb excessive speculation on food commodities. Excessive financial speculation is contributing to increasing volatility and record high food prices, exacerbating global hunger and poverty.

While there are many pressures on food prices, fundamental changes in supply and demand cannot fully account for the dramatic price fluctuations that have occurred in recent years.

In June, a report for the G20 by international organisations including the IMF and the OECD noted that “too much speculation can cause frequent and erratic price changes” in futures markets. Evidence suggests that financial speculators are less likely to make trading decisions based on information regarding supply and demand and are more prone to herding behaviours than commercial traders. Excessive speculation undermines the price discovery function of futures markets, driving real prices away from levels determined by supply and demand.

The High Level Panel of Experts on food security for the Committee on World Food Security at the FAO reported in July that “tighter regulation of speculation is necessary.” The panel suggested that “Increasing transparency, by requiring exchange trading and clearing of most agricultural commodity contracts, and setting lower limits for noncommercial actors could be the first set of measures taken by the countries that house major commodity exchanges.”

Increasing market transparency is vital, but will not go far enough to tackle excessive financial speculation. We therefore urge you to support the establishment of position limits to cap the proportion of agricultural commodity derivatives markets that can be held by financial speculators. Limits could be set at a level that would maintain sufficient liquidity in the markets while preventing an excessive concentration of purely financial actors. The US has already passed legislation including provisions to introduce such limits and the G20 should act to prevent regulatory arbitrage between exchanges.

Position limits would be more effective in tackling excessive speculation than position management powers, which rely on the use of judgement by exchanges and provide little assurance that powers will be exercised effectively. Clear limits would provide regulatory certainty, promoting stable and sustainable derivatives markets to the benefit of food producers, consumers and broader economic stability.

With around 1 billion people enduring chronic hunger worldwide, action is urgently needed to curb excessive speculation and its effects on global food prices.

Yours sincerely,

cc: Michel Barnier, European commissioner for internal market and services

Signed

Mr Abdulhafiz Ahmed Abdisubhan, Finance and Economic Development Bureau, ETHIOPIA
Charles Abugre, Regional Director (Africa), The United Nations Millennium Campaign, Nairobi, KENYA
Prof Nicola Acocella, Department of Methods and Models for Economics, Territory and Finance, Faculty of Economics, University of Rome, ITALY
Dr Funda Rana Adacay, Associate Professor in Economics, Anadolu Univeristy, Eskisehir, TURKEY
Dr Ipek Illkkaracan Ajas, Associate Professor of Economics, Istanbul Technical University, TURKEY
Dr Alpaslan Akcoraoglu, Associate Professor of Economics, Gazi University, TURKEY
Prof A. Haroon Akram-Lodhi, Chair of the Department of International Development Studies, Trent University Peterborough, CANADA
Mr Tanweer Ali, Lecturer in Finance, Empire State College, State University of New York, USA
Marzouq Alnusf, Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, USA
Wilfried Altzinger, Department of Economics, Vienna University of Economics, AUSTRIA
Dr Francisco Alvarez Cuadrado, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, McGill University, CANADA
Dr Rui Henrique Alves, Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Economics, University of Porto, PORTUGAL
Dr Bruno Amoroso, Department for Society and Globalization Roskilde, University Denmark, DENMARK
Prof Paolo Andrei, Professor in Business Economics, University of Parma, ITALY
Rania Antonopoulos, Senior Scholar and Director of Gender Equality and the Economy Program, Levy Economics Institute, USA
Dr Ozlem Arpac Arconian, Department of Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK
Prof Alessandro Arrighetti, Professor of Economics, University of Parma, ITALY
Prof Wiji Arulampalam, Department of Economics, University of Warwick,UK
Prof Thankom Arun, Director of Institute of Global Finance and Public Policy, Lancashire Business School, University of Central Lancashire, UK
Dr Michael Ash, Associate Professor of Economics and Public Policy and Chair, Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
Prof Venkatesh Athreya, Professor of Economics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, INDIA
Jonathan Adabre Atia, Policy Analyst, Integrated Social Development Centre, GHANA
Fiona Atkins, Lecturer in Economics, Birkbeck University of London, UK
Dr Rohit Azad, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics, South Asian University, New Delhi, INDIA
Prof M. V. Lee Badgett, Professor of Economics and Director for Center for Public Policy and Administration, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
Dean Baker, Co-Director, Center for Economics and Policy Research, USA
Dr Dean Baker, Center for Economic and Policy Research, Washington, DC, USA
Prof Radhika Balakrishnan, Professor of Women’s and Gender Studies Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, former Professor of Economics and International Studies at Marymount Manhattan College, USA
Prof Erol Balkan, Professor of Economics, Hamilton College, New York, USA
Dr Nesecan Balkan, Department of Economics, Hamilton College, USA
Dr Nina Banks, Associate Professor of Economics, Bucknell University, USA
Prof Drucilla K. Barker, Director Women’s & Gender Studies, Phd in Economics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
Prof David Barkin, Distinguished Professor of Economics, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, MEXICO
Dr John Barnshaw, Department of Sociology, University of South Florida, USA
Dr Stephanie Barrientos, Senior Lecturer, Institute of Development Policy and Management, Associate Director Brooks World Poverty Programme, University of Manchester, UK
Michael Barrow, Senior Lecturer in Economics, School of Business, Management and Economics, University of Sussex, UK
Prof Hans-Heinrich Bass, Professor of International Economics, Bremen University of Applied Sciences, GERMANY
Dr PL Beena, ICSSR General Fellow, Institute for Studies in Industrial Development, New Delhi, INDIA
Riccardo Bellofiore, Department of Economic Science, University of Bergamo, ITALY
Prof Lourdes Beneria, Professor Emerita, Department of City and Regional Planning, Cornell University, USA
Prof Gunseli Berik, Economics Department, University of Utah, USA
Prof Jacques Berthelot, Emeritus professor of Economics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, FRANCE
Prof Sheila Bhalla, Professor at the Institute for Human Development, New Delhi, INDIA
Dr Ravi Bhandari, Associate Professor and Chevron Chair of Development Economics, Saint Mary’s College of California, USA
Prof Cyrus Bina, Distinguished Research Professor of Economics, University of Minnesota, USA
Dr Stephanie Blankenburg, Department of Economics and CISD, School of Oriental and African Studies, UK
Prof Patrick Bond, Professor of Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, SOUTH AFRICA
Dr A. J. C. Bose, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Shri Ram College of Commerce, University of Delhi, INDIA
Sam Boshra, Economist, CANADA
Dr Roger Even Bove, Department of Economics & Finance, West Chester University, USA
Dr Christopher Bowdler, University Lecturer in Economics and Fellow of Oriel College, University of Oxford, UK
Dr James K. Boyce, Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
Dr Manuel Branco, Associate Professor of Economics, University of Évora, PORTUGAL
Prof Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira, Professor Emeritus of Economics, Getulio Vargas Foundation, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Dr Kate Bronfenbrenner, Senior Lecturer, Cornell School of Industrial and Labor Relations, USA
Dr Reiner Buchegger, Associate Professor, Johannes Kepler University, AUSTRIA
Dr Jorge Buzaglo, Associate Professor of Economics, University of Goteburg, SWEDEN
Prof Antonio Callari, Sigmund M. and Mary B. Hyman Professor of Economics, and Director of the Local Economy Center, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, USA
Prof Jim Campen, Professor Emeritus of Economics, University of Massachusetts, Boston, USA
Dr Michele Cangiani, Associate Professor of Economic Sociology, Foscari Venezia University, ITALY
Dr Michael Carter, Associate Professor of Economics, Chair of Economics Department, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, USA
Prof Carlos Nuno Castel-Branco, Director of Institute of Social Economics Studies, MOZAMBIQUE
Prof Sergio Cesaratto, Professor of Economics University of Siena, ITALY
Rakesh Chandra, Junior Research Fellow, Center for the Study of Regional Development, Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi, INDIA
Shouvik Chakaraborty, Assistant Professor, Indian School of Business and Finance (ISBF), New Delhi, INDIA
Malini Chakravarty, Senior Economist, International Development Economics Associates (IDEAs), New Delhi, INDIA
Prof Nirmal K. Chandra, Professor of Economics (Retd), Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, INDIA
Prof C. P. Chandrasekhar, Centre for Economic Studies and Planning Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi, INDIA
Dr Ha-Joon Chang, Reader, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge, UK
Dr Anup Chatterjee, Associate Professor in Economics, ARSD College, University of Delhi, INDIA
Prof Monojit Chatterji, Bonar Professor of Apllied Economics, University of Dundee, UK and Bye Fellow in Economics and Director of Studies in Economics, Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, U.K
Prof Sudip Chaudhuri, Professor of Economics, Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta, INDIA
Pallavi Chavan, Economist, INDIA
Prof Robert Chernomas, Department of Economics, University of Manitoba, CANADA
Dr Lynne Chester, Department of Political Economy, University of Sydney, AUSTRALIA
Prof Victoria Chick, Emeritus Professor of Economics, University College London, UK
Prof Wittayakorn Chiengkul, Professor of Political Economy, Dean of Social Innovation College, Rangsit University, THAILAND
Prof Anis Chowdhury, Professor of Economics, University of Western Sydney, and Co-editor of the Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, AUSTRALIA
John Christensen, Economic Adviser and Director, Tax Justice Network, London, UK
Kimberly Christensen, Visiting Faculty Member in Economics and Public Policy, Sarah Lawrence College in Bronxville, New York, USA
Dr Mammen Chundamannil, Head of Forest Economics, Kerala Forest Research Institute, INDIA
Dr Edward J. Clay, Senior Research Associate, Overseas Development Institute, London, UK
Prof Pavel Isa Contreras, Professor of Economics, Santo Domingo, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Eileen Cook, Scottish Agricultural College, Scotland, UK
Dr Eugenia Correa, Department of Economics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, MEXICO
Prof Marcella Corsi, Professor of Economics, Sapienza University of Rome, ITALY
Prof Carmen Costea, Professor of International Business and Commerce, ASE Bucharest, Founder and President of Alternative Sciences Association, ROMANIA
Prof Christopher Cramer, Professor of the Political Economy of Development, SOAS, UK
Prof James Crotty, Professor Emeritus of Economics and Helen Sheridan Memorial Scholar, UMASS Amherst, USA
Antonio Cuerpo, Economist and Researcher, University Complutense of Madrid, SPAIN
Dr Carlo D’Ippoliti, Assistant Professor of Economics, Sapienza University of Rome, ITALY
Dr Omar S. Dahi, Assistant Professor of Economics, Hampshire College, USA
Dr Gareth Dale, Senior Lecturer in Politics & International Relations, Brunel University, London, UK
Dr Anita Dancs, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Western New England University, USA
Dr Charles Danreuther, School of Politics and International Studies, University of Leeds, UK
Dr Guglielmo Forges Davanzati, Associate Professor of Economics, Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Salento, Lecce, ITALY
Prof Chuck David, Professor of Labor Studies, Indiana University, USA
Paul Davidson, Editor of Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Fellow at Bernard Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis, USA
Prof Joaquim P. de Andrade, Professor of Economics, University of Brasilia, BRAZIL
Dr Elisabetta de Antoni, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Trento University, ITALY
Dr Catherine de Fontenay, Associate Professor, Melbourne Business School, University of Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
Dr Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Assistant Professor in Political Economy and Behavioural Science, University College London, UK
Prof Carmen Diana Deere, Distinguished Professor of Food & Resource Economics and Latin American Studies, University of Florida, USA
Benny Dembitzer, Visiting Lecturer in Macroeconomic Theory, Greenwich Business School, University of Greenwich, UK
Dr Firat Demir, Assistant Professor of Economics, University of Oklahoma, USA
Dr Andy Denis, Senior lecturer in political economy, City University London, UK
Dr Richard Denniss, Executive Director, The Australia Institute, AUSTRALIA
Prof Radhika Desai, Author, Department of Political Studies, University of Manitoba, CANADA
Prof Sergio Destefanis, Professor of Economics, University of Salerno, ITALY
Dr Stephen Devereux, Research Fellow, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex , UK
Ashok M. Dhareshwar, Retired World Bank Economist and visiting faculty at Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta
Swati Dhingra, Lecturer in Economics, London School of Economics, UK
Prof Robert Dixon, Professor of Economics, University of Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
Prof Thomas L. Dobbs, Professor Emeritus of Economics, South Dakota State Univeristy, USA
José Domingo Villadeamigo, Research Fellow, CEPED, Institute of Economics, FCE-UBA, ARGENTINA
Prof Daniel Drache, Senior Research Fellow and Professor of Political Science, Robarts Centre for Canadian Studies, CANADA
Sarah Dustin, Independent Scholar, University of New Hampshire, USA
Prof Amitava Krishna Dutt, Professor of Economics and Political Science, University of Notre Dame, USA
Dr Graham Dyer, Economics Department, SOAS, University of London, UK
Prof Gary A Dymski, Professor of Economics, University of California, Riverside, USA
Dr Michael Edwards, Senior Lecturer in the Economics of Planning and Leverhulme Emeritus Fellow, The Bartlett School, University College London, UK
Prof Frank Ellis, Professorial Fellow, School of International Development, University of East Anglia, UK
Prof Wolfram Elsner, Author and Professor of Economics, Economics and Business Studies, University of Bremen, GERMANY
Prof Diane Elson, Phd in Economics, Professor at the Centre for Research in Economic Sociology and Innovation, Department of Sociology, University of Essex, UK
Prof Gerald Epstein, Professor of Economics and Co-Director of Political Economy Research Institute (PERI), University of Massachusetts, USA
Dr M. Mustafa Erdogdu, Associate Professor of Economics, Marmara University, TURKEY
Prof Korkut Erturk, Professor of Economics, University of Utah, USA
Mr Ismail Erturk, Senior Lecturer in Banking, Manchester Business School, UK
Prof Jerry Evensky, Professor of Economics, Syracuse University, USA
Prof Guilhem Fabre, Professor of Economics and Chinese Studies, University of Le Havre, FRANCE
Prof Susan Feiner, Professor of Economics and of Women and Gender Studies, University of Southern Maine, USA
Prof Leornardo Felli, Professor of Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK
Dr Jesus Ferreiro, Associate Professor of Economics, University of the Basque Country, SPAIN
Prof Ben Fine, Department of Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies, London, UK
Dr Kade Finnoff, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts, Boston, USA
Prof Mahir Fisunoglu, Professor of Economics, Cukurova University, TURKEY
Mahir Fisunoglu, Department of Economics, Cukurova University Adana, TURKEY
Prof Maria S. Floro, Department of Economics, American University, Washington, USA
Prof Giuseppe Fontana, Professor of Monetary Economics, Head of Economics, Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, UK
Prof Alan Freeman, Visiting Professor of London Metropolitan University, UK
Dr Ines Freier, Economist, GERMANY
Dr Jose Ricardo Fucidji, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, UNESP, BRAZIL
Dr Kevin Gallagher, Associate Professor of International Relations and Director of Global Development Policy Program, Boston University, USA
Dr Clara Garcia, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Complutense University of Madrid, SPAIN
Prof Christian Gehrke, Department of Economics, University of Graz, AUSTRIA
Prof J. George, Chief Promoter, Strategic Economic Management Initiative in Governance, University of Delhi, INDIA
Dr Susan George, Political economist, Transnational Institute
Salvador H. Geranil, Vice Char of Philippine Network of Rural Development Institutes, PHILIPPINES
Prof Jayati Ghosh, Professor of Economics, Jawaharlal Nehru University, INDIA
Prof Andrea Ginzburg, Professor of Economics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ITALY
Dr Mwangi wa Githinji, Assistant Professor of Economics, Thompson Hall, University of Massachusetts, USA
Dr David Gold, Associate Professor, Phd Economics, International Affairs Program, The New School, New York, USA
Francois Gobbe, Coordinator Kairos Europe WB, BRUSSELS
Prof Don Goldstein, Professor of Economics, Allegheny College, Meadville, USA
Dr Sara Gorgoni, Lecturer in Economics and Business, Business School, University of Greenwich, UK
Rahul Goswami, Social Sector Researcher, National Agriculture Innovation Project, Ministry of Agriculture, INDIA
Prof Ian Gough, Emeritus Professor, University of Bath, and Professorial Research Fellow, London School of Economics, UK
Dr Krishn A. Goyal, Convener & Head of Management Department, Bhupal Nobles College, Udaipur, INDIA
Prof Ilene Grabel, Department of Economics, University of Denver, USA
Prof John Groenewegen, Professor of Economics of infrastructures, Delft University of Technology, NETHERLANDS
Joseph Halevi, Department of Political Economy, University of Sydney, AUSTRALIA
Prof Ferda Halicioglu, Professor of Economics, Yeditepe University, TURKEY
Dr Peter Hall, Associate Professor, Urban Studies, Simon Fraser University, CANADA
Dr David Hall-Matthews, Senior Lecturer in International Development School of Politics and International Studies, University of Leeds, UK
Lesie Hamilton, Associate Lecturer in Economics, Leeds Metropolitan University, UK
Prof Geoff Harcourt, Visiting Professorial Fellow at Australian School of Business, University of New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
Prof Jane Harrigan, Department of Economics, SOAS, University of London, UK
Prof Gillian Hart, Chair of Development Studies, University of California, Berkeley, USA
Dr Neil Hart, Senior lecturer, School of Economics and Finance, University of Western Sydney, AUSTRALIA
Prof Martin Hart-Landsberg, Professor of Economics, Lewis and Clark College, USA
Dr Ingrid Hartmann, Agricultural Economist, Berlin, GERMANY
Dr Joop Hartog, Emeritus Professor of Economics, Amsterdam School of Economics University of Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS
Dr James Heintz, Associate Research Professor, Political Economy Research Institute, University of Massachusetts, USA
Anton Hellesøy, Economist and Independent consultant, NORWAY
Andrew Hepburn, Commodity Analyst, CANADA
Dr Barry Herman, Visiting Senior Fellow, Graduate Program in International Affairs, The New School, New York, USA
Arturo Hermann, Senior Research Fellow at ISTAT, Rome, ITALY
Dr Adam Hersh, Economist, Center for American Progress, USA
Dr Gillian Hewitson, Department of Political Economy, University of Sydney, AUSTRALIA
Nicholas Hildyard, Director of The Corner House, UK
Prof Susan Himmelweit, Professor of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Open University, UK
Prof Geoffrey M. Hodgson, Research Professor in Business Studies, University of Hertfordshire, UK
Dr Raul Hopkins, Consultant on agricultural issues and information technologies, Lima, PERU
Dr David Hudson, Lecturer in Political Economy, Department of Political Science, University College London, UK
David Hulme, Professor of Development Studies, School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester, Head, Institute for Development Policy and Management, Executive Director, Brooks World Poverty Institute, CEO, Effective States and Inclusive Development, UK
Veronika Hummer, German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin, GERMANY
Prof Grazia Ietto-Gillies, Emeritus Professor of Applied Economics, London South Bank University, UK
Dr Katsushi Imai, Associate Professor in Development Economics, Department of Economics and Brooks World Poverty Institure, University of Manchester, UK
Gustavo Indart, Senior Lecturer, Department of Economics, University of Toronto, CANADA
Dr Davide Infante, Associate Professor of Political Economy Department of Economics and Statistics University of Calabria, ITALY
Prof George Irvin, Professorial Research Associate in Economics, SOAS, University of London, UK
Prof Toru Iwami, Professor of Economics, University of Tokyo, JAPAN
Dr Johannes Jäger, University of Applied Sciences BFI Vienna, AUSTRIA
Prof Jesper Jespersen, Professor of Economics, Roskilde University, DENMARK
Ravinder Jha, Lecturer, University of Delhi, INDIA
Anne Marie John, Economist, Economic Research Foundation, New Delhi, INDIA
Prof James Johnson, Department of Political Science, University of Rochester, New York, USA
Dr Michael Johnson, Associate Professor at School of Social Science and International Studies, University of New South Wales, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
Prof Sir Richard Jolly, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex. UK
Mr Tinu Joseph, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, INDIA
Prof P.N. Junankar, Professorial Visiting Fellow, School of Economics, University of New South Wales and Emeritus Professor, University of Western Sydney, AUSTRALIA
David Kane, Associate for Latin America and Economic Justice, Maryknoll Office for Global Concerns, USA
Woojin Kang, Researcher, Crawford School of Economics and Government. Australian National University, AUSTRALIA
Dr Nikolaos Karagiannis, Associate Professor of Economics, Department of Economics & Finance, Winston-Salem State University, North Carolina, USA
Dr Zahra Karimi, Assistant Professor of Economics, University of Mazadaran, IRAN
Prof Massoud Karshenas, Professor of Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK
Dr Emily Kawano, Executive Director, Center for Popular Economics & Solidarity Economy Network, USA
Prof Cristobal Kay, Emeritus Professor, International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, NETHERLANDS.
Dr Steve Keen, Associate Professor in Economics and Finance, University of Western Sydney, AUSTRALIA
Prof Saul Keifman, Professor of Economics and Chair of the Economics Major School of Economics Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA
Prof Neil M. Kellard, Professor of Finance, Essex Business School, University of Essex, UK
Dr Stephanie A. Kelton, Associate Professor of Economics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA
Ahmet Kerem Özdemir, Research and Teaching Assistant, Finance Department, School of Business Administration, Istanbul University, TURKEY
Dr Prue Kerr, Department of Economics, University of Adelaide, South Australia, AUSTRALIA
Prof Farida C Khan, Professor of Economics, University of Wisconsin – Parkside, USA
Prof Sushil Khanna, Professor of Economics and Strategic Management, Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, INDIA
Prof Mushtaq Husain Khan, Department of Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK
Kijong Kim, Research Scholar, The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College Blithwood, New York, USA
Prof Mary C King, Professor of Economics, Portland State University, Oregon, USA
Dr Godbertha Kinyondo, Lecturer in Economics, Mzumbe University, Dar es Salaam Business College, TANZANIA
Prof Nikoi Kote-Nikoi, Professor of Economics, S.I.T Graduate Institute, Vermont, USA
Dr David Kristjanson-Gural, Associate Professor of Economics, Social Justice College, Lewisburg, USA
Mr Andrey Kuleshov, Economist at the Common Fund for Commodities, Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS
Dr Uday Kumar, Associate Professor and Coordinator, Department of International Business,University College Mangalore, INDIA
Dr C. Nalin Kumar, Assistant Professor of Economics and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Plantation Management Bangalore, INDIA
Prof Amiya Kumar Bagchi, First Chancellor, Tripura Central University, Director Institute of Development Studies Kolkata, Calcutta University Alipore Campus, INDIA
Prof Sarosh Kuruvilla, Professor, School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University, USA
Dr Pierre Lacour, Clinical Assistant Professor, Coordinator of Economics, New York University, USA
Dr Thomas Lambert, Lecturer in Economics, Indiana University Southeast, New Albany, USA
Prof Michael Landesmann, Professor of Economics and Scientific Director, Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, AUSTRIA
Stewart Lansley, Research Fellow in Economics, University of Bristol, UK
Alessandra lanza, Chief Economist, Prometeia Spa Financial Consulting, ITALY
Dr Alberto Lanzavecchia, Assistant Professor in Corporate Finance University of Padova, ITALY
Prof Costas Lapavitsas, Department of Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK
Prof Marc Lavoie, Department of Economics, University of Ottawa, CANADA
Alejandro Ignacio Lazarte, MA, Zurich Financial Services, SWITZERLAND
Dr Jonathan Leape, Senior Lecturer in Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK
Prof Dennis Leech, Professor of Economics, Warwick University and Research Associate, CPNSS, London School of Economics, UK
Prof Margaret Levenstein, Professor of Business Economics and Public Policy, University of Michigan, USA
Dr Minqi Li, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, University of Utah, USA
Dr Dan Li, Assistant Professor in Finance, School of Economics and Finance University of Hong Kong, HONG KONG
Dr Carlos F. Liard-Muriente, Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Economics, Central Connecticut State University, USA
Thomas Lines, Author of Making Poverty: A History, UK
Prof Sumanasiri Liyanage, Professor of Economics, University of Peradeniya, SRI LANKA
Juan José Llach, Director, Center for the Study of Government, Business, Society and the Economy, IAE Business School, Universidad Austral, ARGENTINA
Prof John Loxley, Department of Economics, University of Manitoba, CANADA
Prof Miguel Martinez Lucio, Manchester Business School, Manchester University, UK
Dr Hans-Jochen Luhmann, Research co-ordinator of future energy and mobility structures, Wuppertal-Institut, GERMANY
Prof Nora Lustig, Samuel Z. Stone Professor of Latin American Economics, Tulane University, USA
Prof Arthur MacEwan, Professor Emeritus of Economics, University of Massachusetts, Boston, USA
Mario Machungo, Economist and Chairman of Banco Internacional de Mocambique, Maputo, MOZAMBIQUE
Dr Donald MacLaren, Associate Professor and Director of Asian Economic Centre, University of Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
Dr Rasigan Maharajh, Chief Director, Institute for Economic Research on Innovation, Tshwane University of Technology, SOUTH AFRICA
Dr Fadhil A. Mahdi, Senior Economist, Formerly Chief of the Economics Analysis Division, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
Dr Kamil Mahdi, Economist, Visiting Senior Fellow, Middle East Centre, London School of Economics, UK
Dr Chinglen Maisnam, Assistant Professor of Economics, Manipur University, INDIA
Casmir Makoye, Director of SME Competitiveness Facility, Dar Es Salaam, TANZANIA
Dr Stanley Malinowitz, Associate Professor of Economics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, COLOMBIA
Steve Mandel, Research Associate, Department of International Development, Birmingham University, UK
Jens Martens, Director, Global Policy Forum Europe, GERMANY
Dr Nuno Miguel Ornelas Martins, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics and Management, Portuguese Catholic University, PORTUGAL
Dr Pietro Masina, Associate Professor of Applied Economics,University of Naples, ITALY
Dr Thomas Masterson, Research Scholar, Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, USA
Prof Julie Mattaei, Professor of Economics, Wellesley College, USA
Dr Reza Mazhari, Assistant Professor in Economics, Gonbad Kavoss, IRAN
Dr Kathleen McAfee, Associate Professor in International Relations and Political Economy, San Francisco State University, USA
Dr Elaine McCrate, Associate Professor, Economics and Women’s Studies, University of Vermont, CANADA
Prof Terrence McDonough, Department of Economics, National University of Ireland, Galway, IRELAND
Dr Margaret McKenzie, Lecturer in Economics, Deakin University, AUSTRALIA
Dr Robert McMaster, Business School, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Dr Andrew Mearman, Associate Head of Accounting, Economics and Finance Department, University of the West of England, UK
James Medway, Senior Economist, New Economics Foundation, UK
Prof Michael Meeropol, Visiting Professor of Economics, City University of New York, USA
Dr Tesfa Mehari, International Partnerships Coordinator, Department of International Business & Economics, University of Greenwich, UK
Dr Martin Melkonian, Adj. Associate Professor of Economics, Hofstra University, USA
Prof Mary Mellor, Emeritus Professor of Social Science, Northumbria University, UK
Dr Emel Memis, Assistant Professor of Economics, Ankara University, TURKEY
Dr Helen Mercer, Senior Lecturer Business Economics, Business School, University of Greenwich, UK
Prof Peter B. Meyer, Professor Emeritus of Urban Policy and Economics and President and Chief Economist of the E.P Systems Group, Inc
Prof John Miller, Professor of Economics, Wheaton College, Norton, USA
Prof Marco Missaglia, Professor of International Economics and General Equilibrium Modelling, University of Pavia, ITALY
Dr Rudra Narayan Mishra, Assistant Professor of Economics, Gujarat Institute of Development Research, Ahmedabad, INDIA
Prof Nobuki Mochida, Professor of Economics, University of Tokyo, JAPAN
Prof Oudebji Mohamed, Professor of International Economic Law of Development, Marrakech, MOROCCO
Prof Mritiunjoy Mohanty, Professor, Economics Group, Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Kolkata, INDIA
Prof Simon Mohun, Emeritus Professor of Political Economy, Queen Mary, University of London, UK
Prof Mario Morroni, Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, University of Pisa, ITALY
Dr John Morrow, Research Economist, CEP at London School of Economics, UK
Dr Tracy Mott, Associate Professor and Department Chair of Economics, University of Denver, USA
Prof Sam Moyo, African Institute for Agrarian Studies (AIAS), ZIMBABWE
Prof Ananya Mukherjee-Reed, Professor and Chair, Department of Political Science, York University, Toronto, CANADA
Richard Murphy, Director, Tax Research UK
Sreeram Mushty, Freelance Economist & Chartered Accountant, MS Sastri Chambers, Vijayawada, INDIA
Shri Sanat Kumar Naik, Economist, State Bank of India, INDIA
Nitya Nanda, Fellow, Centre for Global Agreements, Legislation and Trade (GALT), Resources, Regulation and Global Security Division, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), New Delhi, INDIA
Dr Corinne Nativel, Senior Lecturer in Social Sciences, University of Franche-Comté, FRANCE
Prof Vincent Navarro, Professor of Public Policy, The Johns Hopkins University, USA
Dr Ioana Negru, Senior Lecturer in Economics, Anglia Ruskin University, UK
Dr Michaela Neumayr, Economist, Vienna University of Economics and Business, AUSTRIA
Paul Newlin, Lecturer, Environmental Policy, Amherst College & University of Massachusetts, USA
Dr Howard Nicholas, Senior Lecturer in Economics, Eurasmus University of Rotterdam, NETHERLANDS
Prof Eric Nilsson, Professor of Economics, California State University, USA
Prof Augusto Ninni, Professor of Industrial Organization at the University of Parma, ITALY
Prof Machiko Nissanke, Professor of Economics, SOAS, University of London, UK
Dr Hassan E. Oaikhenan, Department of Economics & Statistics University of Benin, NIGERIA
Prof Mehmet Odekon, Professor of Economics, Skidmore College, USA
Prof Rod O’Donnell, Professor of Economics, University of Technology, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
Samuel O. Oloruntoba, Doctoral Candidate and Lecturer, Department of Political Science, University of Lagos, NIGERIA
Dr Wendy Olsen, Senior Lecturer in Socio-Economic Research, University of Manchester, UK
Prof Mojubaolu Olufunke Okome, Professor of Political Science, Brooklyn College, CUNY, New York, USA
Prof G. Omkarnath, Department of Economics, University of Hyderabad, INDIA
Dr Ozlem Onaran, Senior Lecturer in Economics, University of Westminster, UK
Prof Ahmet Oncu, Professor of Economics, Sabanci University, TURKEY
Noemi Levy Orlik, Economic Lecturer, School of Economics, UNAM, MEXICO
Dr Quentin Outram, Senior Lecturer in Economics, Leeds University Business School, UK
Dr Carlos Oya, Senior Lecturer in Political Economy of Development, School of African and Oriental Studies, University of London, UK
Dr Adam Ozanne, Senior Lecturer in Economics, University of Manchester, UK
Prof Mustafa Ozer, Professor of Economics, Anadolu University, TURKEY
Dr Ilhan Ozturk, Assistant Professor and Coordinator, International Relations & Erasmus, Cag University, TURKEY
Dr Aaron Pacitti, Assistant Professor of Economics, Siena College, USA
Adel Paighami, Dean of Interdisciplinary Research Center for Social Sciences, Economics Faculty, Imam Sadiq University, IRAN
Dr Parthapratim Pal, Associate Professor of Economics, Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, INDIA
Radhakrushna Panda, Senior Research Officer, Centre for Microfinance Research, Bankers Institute of Rural Development, INDIA
Prof Dimitri Papadimitriou, President and Professor of Economics, Levy Economics Institute, New York, USA
Prof Man Seop Park, Professor of Economics, Korea University, SOUTH KOREA
Dr Raj Patel, Author and Research Fellow, School of Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, SOUTH AFRICA
Prof Ruth Pearson, Professor of International Development, University of Leeds, UK
Jamie Peck, Research Chair in Urban and Regional Political Economy, University of British Columbia, CANADA
Prof Fernando Pellerano, Professor of Economics, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Dr Michael Perelman, Professor of Economics, California State University, USA
Prof Virginie Pérotin, Professor of Economics, Leeds University Business School, UK
Dr Karl Petrick, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Western New England University USA
Ann Pettifor, Director of Policy Research in Macroeconomics, UK
Dr Lynda J. Pickbourn, Assistant Professor of Economics, Keene State College, USA
Prof J F Pixley, Honary Professorial Research Fellow, Global Policy Institute, London Metropolitan University, UK
Prof Robert Pollin, Department of Economics and Political Economy Research Institute (PERI), University of Massachusetts-Amherst, USA
Prof Alexander Cotte Poveda, Professor of Economics, University of La Salle, USA
Prof Bernard van Praag, University of Amsterdam, AMSTERDAM
Ms Sajin Prachason, Sustainable Agriculture Foundation, THAILAND
Prof Eleuterio F. S. Prado, Professor of Political Economy, University of Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Prof Robert E. Prasch, Professor of Economics,Middlebury College, USA
Dr Renee Prendergast, Reader, Queen’s University Management School, Belfast, NORTHERN IRELAND
David Primack, Executive Director, International Lawyers and Economists Against Poverty (ILEAP), CANADA
Prof Adam Przeworski, Carroll and Milton Petrie Professor, Department of Politics, New York University, USA
Prof Alicia Puyana Mutis, Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences, Flasco, MEXICO
Mr Hugo Radice, Life Fellow, School of Politics and International Studies, University of Leeds, UK
Dr Kunibert Raffer, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, University of Vienna, AUSTRIA
Dr Anton Rainer, Federal Ministry of Finance, Vienna, AUSTRIA
Prof Indira Rajaraman, Honorary Visiting Professor, Indian Statistical Institute, INDIA
Prof V. K. Ramachandran, Professor, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, INDIA
Prof K.V. Ramaswamy, Professor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, INDIA
Prof Paolo Ramazzotti, Professor of Economic Policy, University of Macerata, ITALY
Prof D. Narasimha Reddy, Professor of Economics, University of Hyderabad, INDIA
Howard Reed, Director, Landman Economics, UK
Prof Michael Reich, Professor of Economics and Director of Institute for Research on Labour and Employment, University of California at Berkeley, USA
Dr Paolo de Renzio, Senior Research Fellow, International Budget Partnership, Research Associate, Global Economic Governance Programme, University of Oxford, UK
Prof Colin Richardson, Adjunct Professor of Economics Centre for International Security Studies, University of Sydney, AUSTRALIA
Prof Christopher Ritson, Professor Emeritus, Trustee Director of the Food Ethics Council and Professor of Agricultural Marketing, Newscastle University Agricultural Building, UK
Prof Michael T. Rock, Samuel and Etta Wexler Professor of Economic History, Bryn Mawr College, USA
Dr Leopoldo Rodriguez, Associate Professor in International Development Studies, Portland State University, USA
Prof Alessandro Roncaglia, Professor of Economics, Sapienza University of Rome, ITALY
Prof Sergio Rossi, Professor of Economics, University of Fribourg, SWITZERLAND
Prof Roy J. Rotheim, Professor of Economics, Skidmore College, New York, US
Dr B. P. Syam Roy, IAS (Retd), West Bengal, INDIA
Prof Guillermo Rozenwurcel, Director of IDEAS Centre, San Martin National University, ARGENTINA
Dr Kobil Ruziev, Lecturer in Economics, Programme Director MSc Banking and Financial Regulation, School of Management and Business Aberystywth University, UK
Muhammad Sabir, Principal Economist, Social Policy and Development Centre, PAKISTAN
Dr Peter Sai-Wing Ho, Associate Professor of Economics, University of Denver, USA
Prof Wiemer Salverda, Director of AIAS, and special Chair Labour Market and Inequality, University of Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS
Dr Wiemer Salverda, General Director of AIAS, and special Chair Labour Market and Inequality, University of Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS
Dr Diego Sanchez-Ancochea, University Lecturer in the Political Economy of Latin America, University of Oxford, UK
Dr Sankersan Sarkar, Assistant Professor of Finance, NIIT University, Rajasthan, INDIA
Prof Rubens R. Sawaya, Professor of Economics, Sao Paul Catholic Pontificia University, BRAZIL
Prof Malcolm Sawyer, Professor of Economics, University of Leeds, UK
Dr Harwood D. Schaffer, Research Assistant Professor, Agricultural Policy Analysis Center, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, USA
Prof Hans Schenk, Chaired Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Utrecht University, NETHERLANDS
Dr Ted P. Schmidt, Associate Professor of Economics and Finance SUNY, USA
Karin Schoenpflug, Economist, Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Vienna, AUSTRIA
Dr Evert Schoorl, Economist and Director of graduate studies, Groningen University, NETHERLANDS
Dr Juliet Schor, Phd Economics, Boston College, USA
Dr Molly Scott Cato, Reader in Green Economics, Cardiff School of Management, UK
Prof Mario Seccareccia, Department of Economics, University of Ottawa, Ontario, CANADA
Prof Stephanie Seguino, Department of Economics, University of Vermont, USA
Professor Sunanda Sen, Visiting Professor, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, INDIA
Dr Esther-Mirjam Sent, Professor of Economics at Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands and Member of the Senate of the Netherlands, NETHERLANDS
Prof Ardeshir Sepehri, Professor of Economics, University of Manitoba, CANADA
Dr John Serieux, Associate Professor of Economics, University of Manitoba, CANADA
Prof Mark Setterfield, Professor of Economics and Chair Department of Economics, Trinity Colelge, Hartford, USA
Prof Anwar Shaikh, Professor of Economics, New School of Social Research, New York, USA
Reader Benjamin Shepherd, Food Security in Asia Program, Centre for International Security Studies, University of Sydney, AUSTRALIA
Prof Tokutaro, Shibata, Professor of Economics, University of Tokyo, JAPAN
Sabira Ahamed Shine, Research Associate, ICSSR Research Project, School of Management Studies, Cocin University of Science and Technology, INDIA
Dr Chen Shuoying, Assistant Professor, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, CHINA
Dr Kalim Siddiqui, Senior Lecturer in International Economics, Business School, University of Huddersfield, UK
Prof Francesco Silva, Professor of Economics, Milano-Bicocca University, ITALY
Prof Maria Luiza Falcão Silva, Professor of Economics, University of Brasilia, BRAZIL
Dr John Simister, Department of Economics, SOAS, University of London, UK
Dr John Simister, Senior teaching fellow, Economics department, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK
Dr Pritam Singh, Reader in Economics, Oxford Brookes University, UK
Prof Anna Soci, Professor of Economics at the University of Bologna, ITALY
Prof Funmi Soetan, Professor of Economics and Director at Center for Gender and Social Policy Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, NIGERIA
Dr Stefano Solari, Associate Professor of Political Economy, Padova University, ITALY
Dr Somannavar, Department of Economics, KLE Society’s Lingaraj College, Karnataka, INDIA
Prof Cem Somel, Professor of Economics, Abant Izzet Baysal University, TURKEY
Dr Godwin Sree Kulakkal, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Government College for Women, Kerala, INDIA
Prof Ravi S. Srivastava, Professor of Economics, Centre for the Study of Regional Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, INDIA
Dr Eduardo Stachman, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Sao Paul State University, BRAZIL
Prof Howard Stein, Professor of Development Economics, Afroamerican and African Studies, University of Michigan, USA
Prof Engelbert Stockhammer, Professor of Economics, Kingston University, UK
Dr Servaas Storm, Department of Economics of Innovation, Delft University of Technology, Delft, NETHERLANDS
Dr Eduardo Strachman, Assistant Professor of Economics, Sao Paulo State University, BRAZIL
Larry D. Su, Senior Lecturer, School of Business, University of Greenwich, UK
Dr David Sunderland, Reader and Principal Lecturer, University of Greenwich, UK
Prof Madhura Swaminathan, Indian Statistical Institute, INDIA
Dr Valeria Szekeres, Associate Professor of Economics, Obuda University, Budapest, HUNGARY
Dr Szabolcs Szikszai, Senior Lecturer in Finance and Economics, University of Pannonia, HUNGARY
Prof Giulio Tagliavini, Professor of Business Finance, Parma University, ITALY
Prof Haruhito Takeda, Economic Historian, Faculty of Economics, Tokyo University, Japan
Dr John M. Talbot, Senior Lecturer in Sociology, Department of Sociology, Psychology and Social Work University of the West Indies, JAMAICA
Dr Jeff Tan, Assistant Professor of Development Studies, Aga Khan University, UK
Prof Ke Tang, Hanqing Advanced Institute of Economics and Finance and School of Finance, Renmin University of China, CHINA
Dr Pavlina R. Tcherneva, Assistant Professor of Economics, Franklin and Marshall College, USA
Dr Khemarat T. Teerasuwannajak, Department of Economics, Chulalongkorn University, THAILAND
Bilge Terzioglu, Department of Economics, Isik University, Istanbul, TURKEY
Dr Jose Rafael Tesoro, Lecturer in Economics, University of Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA
Mr Albin Thaarcis, Assistant Professor of Economics, St Xavier’s College, INDIA
Dr Frank Thompson, Lecturer in Economics, Residential College, University of Michigan, USA
Prof Mario Tiberi, Professor of Political Economy, Sapienza, University of Rome, ITALY
Dr Gunther Tichy, Austrian Institute of Economic Research, AUSTRIA
Prof Chris Tilly, Professor of Urban planning and sociology and Director, Institute for Research on Labor and Employment UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
Dr Zdravka Todorova, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Raj Soin College of Business, Wright State University, Ohio, USA
Prof Mario Tonveronachi, Professor of Financial Systems, University of Siena, ITALY
Prof Jan Toporowski, Professor of Economics and Finance, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK
Prof Mariano Torras, Professor of Economics, Adelphi University, USA
Dr Andres Torres, Distinguished Lecturer, Department of Latin American and Puerto Rican Studies, Lehman College/CUNY, New York, USA
Dr Oscar Ugarteche, Institute of Economic Investigations, UNAM, Ciudad University, MEXICO,
Dr Mehmet Ugur, Reader in Political Economy, International Business and Economics, University of Greenwich Business School, UK
Prof Vittorio Valli, Professor of Economic Policy, Turin University, ITALY
Prof Rolph van der Hoeven, Professor of Employment and Development Economics, International Institute of Social Studies (ISS), Erasmus University, NETHERLANDS
Prof Irene van Staveren, Professor of Pluralist Development Economics, ISS, Erasmus University Rotterdam, NETHERLANDS
Dr Elisa Van Waeyenberge, Lecturer in Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK
Roberto Veneziani, Senior Lecturer, School of Economics and Finance, Queen Mary University of London, UK
Dr Matías Vernengo, Associate Professor of Economics, University of Utah, USA
Dr Rudi von Arnim, Assistant Professor of Economics, University of Utah, USA
Andrew Watt, Senior Researcher in Economics, European Trade Union Institute
Prof John Weeks, Professor Emeritus of Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies, UK
Dr Scott A. Weir, Wake Technical Community College, Raleigh, NC, USA
Mark Weisbrot, Co-Director of Center for Economic and Policy Research, Washington, USA
Prof Thomas E. Weisskopf, Professor Emeritus of Economics, University of Michigan, USA
Prof Philip B. Whyman, Director, Lancashire Institute for Economic and Business Research, University of Central Lancashire, UK
Dr Jeannette Wicks-Lim, Assistant Research Professor, Political Economy Research Institute, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
Prof Rorden Wilkinson, Professor of International Political Economy, School of Social Sciences and Research Director, Brooks World Poverty Institute, University of Manchester, UK
Timothy A. Wise, Director, Research and Policy Program, Global Development and Environment Institute, Tufts University, Medford, USA
Dr Martin Wolfson, Associate Professor of Economics, University of Notre Dame, USA
Prof Enrico Wolleb, Director ISMERI EUROPA, Roma, ITALY
Dr Andrew Wood, Reader in Finance, Essex Business School, University of Essex, UK
Prof Chenggang Xu, Quoin Professor in Economic Development, University of Hong Kong, HONG KONG
Prof Mo Yamin, Professor of International Business, Manchester Business School, UK
Dr Yavuz Yasar, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, University of Denver, USA
Prof Erhan Yildirim, Department of Economics, Cukurova University, Adana, TURKEY
Prof Brigitte Young, Institute for Political Science, University of Muenster, GERMANY
Dr Elizabeth Young, Lecturer in Food and Agriculture, University of Staffordshire, UK
Dr June Zaccone, Associate Professor of Economics (Emerita), Hofstra University Hempstead, New York, USA
Prof Angelika Zahrnt, Professor of Economics, Bund fur Umwelt und Naturschutz, GERMANY
Nimrod Zalk, Deputy Director-General, Industrial Development Division, Department of Trade and Industry, SOUTH AFRICA
Dr Luisa Zanchi, Lecturer in Economics, University of Leeds, UK